CBME in Surgical Foundations Entrustable Performance Assessments (EPAs) for Surgical Foundations Surgical Foundations consists of two stages of Competency Based Medicine; Transition to Discipline and Foundations of Discipline. While being a part of the Surgical Foundations program, residents will be expected to be assessed and deemed entrustable on 16 Entrustable Performance Assessments (EPAs). There are a total of seven EPAs for Transition to Discipline and nine EPAs for Foundations of Discipline, all of which have specific goals and objectives outline within them. All of these EPAs and milestones which make up the EPAs have been determined by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. Below you will find a list of all of the EPAs that are required during each stage and an outline of what is required in order to fully achieve each one at Queen's University.Tranistion to Discipline (TTD)EPA D1: Performing the pre-operative preparation of patients for basic surgical proceduresEPA D2: Recognizing and initiate early managment for critically ill surgical patientsEPA D3: Documenting clinical encountersEPA D4: Demonstrating handover techniqueEPA D5: Demonstrating the ability to function in the operating roomEPA D6: Repairing simple skin incisions/lacerationsEPA D7: Managing tubes, drains and central linesFoundations to Discipline (FOD)EPA F1: Providing inital management for critically ill surgical patientsEPA F2: Providing initial management for trauma patientsEPA F3: Assessing and performing risk optimization for pre-operative patients in preparation for surgeryEPA F4: Providing patient education and informed consent in preparation for surgical careEPA F5: Demonstrating the foundational aspects for surgical proceduresEPA F6: Participating in surgical proceduresEPA F7: Managing uncomplicated post-operative surgical patientsEPA F8: Managing post-operative patients with complicationsEPA F9: Supervising junior learners in the clinical setting For a better understanding of what an EPA is and what a milestone is, please click on the link below.Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada - EPAs and Milestones